牟宗三論江右王門之劉兩峰, 劉師泉與王塘南

黃宗羲《明儒學案》以江右王門為陽明學之嫡傳。牟宗三的看法剛好相反，認為江右派除了少數幾位以外，基本上違離王學而走上另一條思想的道路。雖然如此，牟宗三花了好些篇幅討論江右派之聶雙江、羅念庵、劉兩峰、劉師泉和王塘南，而最後繼之以劉蕺山，似乎認為江右派是逐漸走上「以心著性」之路而大成於劉蕺山。本文基本上肯定牟宗三對江右派之性格及其歸向之睿識，但也認為他對劉兩峰、劉師泉與王塘南（還有黃洛村）思想的解釋當中有些問題值得檢討。本文之作，便是要展示牟宗三的睿識，及檢討當中有關江右派思想形態如何確定的問題。Huang Zongxi (1610-1695), in his The Records of Ming Scholars, held that the Jiangyou School represented the orthodox teaching of Wang Yangming (1472-1529). However, Mou Zongsan (1909-1995) had an opposite view and opined that, except a few members, the thought of the School deviated from that of Yangming. Mou had lengthy discussions on the thoughts of the important thinkers of the School like Nie Shuangjiang (1487- 1563), Luo Nienan (1504-1564), Liu Liangfeng (1490-1572), Liu Shiquan (1492-1578) and Wang Tangnan (1522-1605), and argued that the School gradually developed into ＂Manifestation of human nature through the mind＂, the system of which was fully established by Liu Zongzhou (1578-1645). This essay agrees with Mou on the deviation of the Jiangyou School from Yangming's teaching, but it has reservation on some of his judgement on the Jiangyou scholars and the character of the School.