A gas-solid reaction growth of dense TiO ₂ nanowire arrays on Ti foils at ambient atmosphere

In this paper, a facile method is demonstrated to directly fabricate dense titania nanowire arrays on titanium foils under the atmosphere without extra moist conditions. The influences of temperature, time, different catalysts, and concentrations of the respective catalysts on the growth of titania nanowires are discussed in detail. The morphology, composition and crystal structure of the titania nanostructures are revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder-X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques, by which a gas-solid reaction mechanism is suggested to explain the growth process of TiO ₂ nanowires on Ti substrate.