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Avoidance behavior against air pollution: evidence from online search indices for anti-PM2.5 masks and air filters in Chinese cities

  • Tong Liu*
  • , Guojun He
  • , Alexis Lau
  • *Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal Articlepeer-review

Abstract

This study investigates people’s behavioral responses to air pollution information in China. We find that elevated air pollution levels are positively associated with higher online searches for anti-PM2.5 masks and air filters. A 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 is associated with a 3.6–8.4% increase of mobile queries for anti-PM2.5 masks, and 1.1–4.7% for air filters. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that a haze alert issued when PM2.5 concentration exceeds 250 µg/m3 would double online queries for anti-PM2.5 masks and air filters. Online searches are also positively correlated with online sales. One day of severe pollution would induce a cost of 0.2 million USD on online expenditure on anti-PM2.5 masks. Some suggestive evidence shows that people in richer and polluted cities tend to search more for anti-PM2.5 masks and air filters than those in poorer and cleaner cities.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)325-363
Number of pages39
JournalEnvironmental Economics and Policy Studies
Volume20
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2018

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, Society for Environmental Economics and Policy Studies and Springer Japan KK.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

  1. SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities
    SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities

Keywords

  • Air pollution
  • Avoidance behavior
  • Haze alert
  • Online search
  • PM

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