EmojiChat: Toward Designing Emoji-Driven Social Interaction in VR Museums

Museums have traditionally been places of learning, evolving into spaces that also facilitate socializing. This shift is particularly evident in virtual reality (VR) museums, which have become popular venues for activities like friend gatherings. However, education has long established the social norm that museums need to “maintaining silence.” Even in virtual environments, this can influence visitor behavior. This perception often prevents people from using verbal communication, leading them to prefer quieter forms of interaction. In museums, including the VR museums that now largely replicate the layout of physical museums, this preference may be reinforced by specific features, such as spaciousness, quietness, and block-based layouts, which may create visual obstructions, restricting interaction modes dependent on shared view, such as gesture interaction. These limitations necessitate the introduction of an additional interaction mode. Emojis, with their capacity for rapid message exchange and adjustable positioning, emerge as a suitable interaction mode in this context. Thus, we introduce EmojiChat, an innovative VR museum experience designed to respect the social norms of traditionally keeping quiet while promoting natural interaction. We first design and iterate a customized emoji set for the museum context through semi-structured interviews, participatory design, and an online survey. Then, this emoji set is integrated into a VR museum to facilitate interaction between visitors. Finally, we conduct a comparative study to evaluate the performance of EmojiChat. Our results show that the integration of emojis can improve communication enjoyment and efficiency. Additionally, we identify usage patterns for interaction modes and the advantages offered by emojis. We also identify several challenges that point toward future directions for enhancing emoji integration and facilitating social interaction.