Fast-mesh: A low-delay high-bandwidth mesh for peer-to-peer live streaming

Peer-to-peer (P2P) technology has emerged as a promising scalable solution for live streaming to a large group. In this paper, we address the design of an overlay mesh which achieves low source-to-peer delay, accommodates asymmetric and diverse uplink bandwidth, and continuously improves delay based on an existing pool of peers. By considering a streaming mesh as an aggregation of data flows along multiple spanning trees, the peer delay in the mesh is then its longest delay (including both propagation and scheduling delay) among all the trees. Clearly, such delay can be very high if the mesh is not designed well. In this paper, we propose and study a mesh protocol called Fast-Mesh, which optimizes such delay while meeting a certain streaming bandwidth requirement. Fast-Mesh is particularly suitable for a mildly dynamic network consisting of proxies, supernodes, or content distribution servers.