Homological stability and densities of generalized configuration spaces

We prove that the factorization homologies of a scheme with coefficients in truncated polynomial algebras compute the cohomologies of its generalized configuration spaces. Using Koszul duality between commutative algebras and Lie algebras, we obtain new expressions for the cohomologies of the latter. As a consequence, we obtain a uniform and conceptual approach for treating homological stability, homo-logical densities, and arithmetic densities of generalized configuration spaces. Our results categorify, generalize, and in fact provide a conceptual understanding of the coincidences appearing in the work of Farb, Wolfson and Wood (2019). Our computation of the stable homological densities also yields rational homotopy types which answer a question posed by Vakil and Wood in 2015. Our approach hinges on the study of homological stability of cohomological Chevalley complexes, which is of independent interest.