Mobile Blockchain-Enabled Secure and Efficient Information Management for Indoor Positioning With Federated Learning

Traditional indoor location information management methods based on centralized servers have problems such as safe and reliable transmission, personal privacy leaks, location information tampering, and computing and storage loads. These problems have seriously affected the development of personalized services based on indoor location information. In this paper, a novel mobile blockchain-enabled federated learning (MBFL) information management framework for indoor positioning is presented, comprising the mobile blockchain model, the federated learning (FL) model, and the InterPlanetary file storage model. Then, we design the MBFL algorithm, establishing a robust foundation for collaborative model training, efficient block mining, and secure data storage. Moreover, we derive training and mining latency as well as the individual user rewards, and formulate latency-limited resource allocation strategies as a non-cooperative game. We propose an efficient alternating iterative algorithm to achieve the Nash equilibrium of this game. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed alternating iterative algorithm achieves rapid convergence and strikes an effective balance between economic and time efficiency. Furthermore, when confronted with model poisoning attacks, the MBFL algorithm exhibits superior security performance compared to the traditional FL algorithm. Future work will focus on adapting the MBFL framework for various indoor environments and enhancing consumption and computational efficiency with hybrid consensus mechanisms.