A comprehensive load balancing system for electric vehicle charging : architecture, local communication protocol and algorithm

Abstract

Large-scale EV charging has a significant impact on the power grid, with grid capacity often limited by hardware constraints. To enhance energy utilization, ensure fair distribution, partially balance phases, and mitigate the adverse effects of EV charging on the grid without causing overload, we propose a comprehensive load balancing system encompassing architecture, local communication protocols, and algorithms. Beginning with EVSE, we introduce a hardware architecture supporting phase reconfiguration, an online software architecture, and an offline software architecture facilitated by local communication protocols. Leveraging this foundational support, we present the Greedy And Compression offline algorithm and the Two-stage online algorithm. Our load balancing algorithms are tested on generated and real-world datasets, demonstrating superior performance across all metrics compared to uncoordinated charging and the Average Algorithm lacking phase reconfiguration functionality.

Date of Award	2024
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Supervisor	Jiheng ZHANG (Supervisor) & Kani CHEN (Supervisor)