Tungsten complexes containing metal-carbon multiple bonds : synthesis, characterization, and reactivity

  • Tsz Fai LEUNG

Student thesis: Doctoral thesis

Abstract

The carbene-alkyne chelated tungsten complexes (W(CO)4{=C(OEt)(o-C6H4C≡CTMS)}, 2.5; W(CO)4{=C(OEt)[C(nPr)=C(nPr)C≡CTMS]}, 2.6, and W(CO)4{=C(OEt)(o-C6H4C≡CCH3)}, 2.7), have been synthesized. The PMe3 supported carbene-alkyne chelated tungsten complex (W(CO)3(PMe3){=C(OEt)(o-C6H4C≡CTMS)}, 2.10) has been isolated from the reaction of the complex 2.5 with PMe3. The oxidation of the complex 2.10 with PhICl2 afforded the 16e- carbene complex (W(Cl)2(CO)2(PMe3){=C(OEt)(o-C6H4C≡CTMS)}). The reaction of the complex 2.10 with secondary amine and K2CO3 led to the formation of the η1-ylidic enamine carbene complex W(CO)3(PMe3){=C(OEt)[o-C6H4CH=CH(NMeCH2CH2NMe2)]}. The tungsten carbyne complexes (TpW(CO)2≡CN(iPr)2, Tp*W(CO)2≡CN(iPr)2, TpWI2(CO)≡CN(iPr)2, (triphos)WBr(CO)2≡CN(iPr)2, and [(NP3)W(CO)2≡CN(iPr)2]Br) have been synthesized and systematically investigated for their reactivity towards alkynes. Several new tungsten carbyne complexes including WBr3(IDipp)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3, WBr2(OSiPh3)(IDipp)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3, WBr2(N[TMS]Mes)(IDipp)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3, and WBr2(IDipp)2≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 supported by a bulky N-heterocyclic carbene ligand have also been synthesized and characterized. The reaction of the high valent tungsten benzylidyne complex WBr2(OSiPh3)(IDipp)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 with H2O and the Lewis acid B(C6F5)3 provided tungsten oxo-benzylidene complexes WBr{O(H)B(C6F5)3}(IDipp)=CH(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 and WBr2(=O)(IDipp)=CH(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3. The tungsten carbyne complex WBr2(OSiPh3)(IDipp)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 in combination with KBArF4 was found to be catalytically active for internal alkynes polymerization. The tungsten (V) benzylidyne complex WBr2(IDipp)2≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 was isolated from the reduction reaction of WBr3(DME)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 by magnesium in the presence of IDipp. Furthermore, pyrrolide-diphosphine (PNP) lithium could react with the PMe3-ligated tungsten benzylidyne complex WBr(PMe3)4≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 to provide the PNP pincer ligand supported complex (PNP)W(PMe3)2≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3. Various alkynes were found to displace two of the trimethylphosphine ligands in the complex (PNP)W(PMe3)2≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 to provide tungsten alkyne-benzylidyne complexes (PNP)W(alkyne)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3. The tungsten alkyne-benzylidene complex (PNP)WI(alkyne)=CH(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 was isolated from the reaction of the tungsten alkyne-benzylidyne complex (PNP)W(3-hexyne)≡C(3,5-(CH3)2C6H3 with methyl iodide and H2O. Several new organic precursors (phosphonium salts ([o-C6H4(PPh3CH2)C≡CTMS]BPh4; and [o-C6H4(PMe3CH2)C≡CTMS]BPh4) and isoindolium salts ([1-(TMSC≡C)-2-(HC=N[2,6-iPrC6H3]C(Ph2)C6H3)]OTf) have been synthesized and their reactivity with transition metal complexes have also been briefly investigated. The alkyne complex mer-[W(PMe3)Cl2(o-C6H4(C≡CTMS)(CH2PMe3)]Cl has been isolated from the reaction of the ylide o-C6H4(PPh3=CH)C≡CTMS with WCl2(PMe3)4. The reaction of the o-bromoaryliminium salt [o-C6H4(Br)(CH=NMeCH2CH2NMe2)]OTf with W(CO)3(EtCN)3 yielded the complex (W(CO)3OTf[o-C6H4(Br)(CH=NMeCH2CH2NMe2)] as a consequence of oxidative addition of the iminium group. Interestingly, [o-C6H4(Br)(CH=NEt2)]OTf undergoes sp2C-Br oxidative addition with Pd(PPh3)4 to yield (PPh3)2PdBr(o-C6H4(CH=NEt2). Additionally, platinum carbene complexes ([(PPh3)2ClPt=CH(NMe2)]Cl) and ([(IMes)2ClPt=CH(NMe2)]Cl) have been isolated from the oxidative addition of low valent platinum complexes (Pt(PPh3)4 and Pt(IMes)2) with chloromethylenedimethyliminium chloride.
Date of Award2017
Original languageEnglish
Awarding Institution
  • The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

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